Nature or Nurture the Case of the Boy Who Became a Girl

NORTHERN CARIBBEAN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, CHEMISTRY AND SCIENCE Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Course: BIOL 395 GENETICS Section A TERM PAPER Nature or Nurture: The Case of the Boy Who Became a Girl Presented By: Nathalia allen Monique Malcolm Davena shaw Shaneek Campbell Part 1 1. Assuming that the nurture theory is valid, David as Brenda will have female behavior and believe he is a girl. From a physical point of view he will not develop secondary characteristics. Based on how hormones work by removing his testicles they denied him of his secondary characteristics. After puberty he would not†¦show more content†¦Similarly the controls; untreated males and females) exhibited male and female characteristics respectively as this was somewhat intrinsic based on their genome, that is, what is contained in their genetic makeup and not dependent on the environment they were raised in. this is synonymous with the studies done with 16 males in that the majority of genetically male children behaved as male despite being raised as females. This behavior was already encoded in their DNA. However, with the 43 girls, the effect of testosterone was nil on the behavior of the girls. They therefore did not act like boys even if they developed male genitalia. This does not support the nature theory as seen with the above examples. 2. The advice to parents would be not to reassign the child’s gender and by virtue of having the testicles the child’s brain would develop masculine characteristics and sexual male characteristics would develop at the onset of puberty. According to the article (gorski and Johnson) â€Å"brief exposure to the testosterone early in life promotes development of brain in ways that allow male behavior to be as an adult† 3. Based on the nature theory homosexual behavior in men and women can be related to hormonal imbalance. Sexual orientation is determined by the early levels (probably prenatal) ofShow MoreRelatedThe Case Study Written By Keith K. Schillo Of Suny College888 Words   |  4 PagesStory The case study written by Keith K. Schillo of SUNY College at Oneonta gives a brief argument of how the nurture theory could possibly be the cause of gender identity based on the struggles one boy had to endure during his life. The case study goes on to describe how a twin boy went from being a boy to a girl and then back to being a boy again back in 1965 to determine if gender identity was based solely on the nurture theory, or if nature was the cause. Due to the inability of both boys being ableRead MoreD1- Analyse the Significance of Genetic Influences as Opposed to Social Factors in Human Development1669 Words   |  7 PagesIn D1 I will be assessing the genetic and social factors on a person’s development; I will be using the David Reimer and few case studies of my own about twins. I will then come to my own conclusion of which one I think is the most important in each story nature or nurture. First of all David Reimer (then known as Bruce) was genetically born a boy however in 1966 his penis was destroyed by accident during a circumcision, his parents then took him to a psychologist and sexologists John Money.Read MoreNature Nurture Debate in Gender Development Essay839 Words   |  4 Pagesfeminine or androgynous behavior, then what determines this? The two main arguments are either gender is innate or it has been learnt. These two different perspectives represent a famous debate that occurs throughout psychology: the nature-nurture debate. The nature side of the debate states that gender is biological. This would explain the strong relationship between the person’s sex and their gender. The theory is that because each sex shares the same physiology and anatomy, they have many psychologicalRead MoreDr. Money And The Boy With No Penis1256 Words   |  6 PagesThe documentary Dr. Money and the Boy with No Penis depicts the tragic experience of a young boy and the psychologist who attempts to â€Å"treat† him after an unfortunate accident. In a time of little knowledge of sexual variation Dr. John Money proposed the theory that a boy could be raised as a girl, but after years of failed attempts this theory would be shattered. This story began when twins Bruce and Bryan went in to the hospital to have a routine circumcision operation at 7 months of age. On theRead MoreThe Secret Garden By Frances Hodgson Burnetts1601 Words   |  7 Pages‘The Secret Garden’ nurture is explored through the young protagonist, Mary Lennox, and the image of the garden itself. Through the image of the garden, nurture can be seen through its growth as well as its symbolism of motherhood. Although, the more obvious portrayal of how significant nurture is can be seen through the attitude of the protagonist and her journey from India to Yorkshire, and the events that unfold. Throughout this essay I will explore the results of poor nurture from the researchRead MoreNature And Nurture : Nature Vs. Nurture1780 Words   |  8 PagesAs Nature Made Him: Nature vs. Nurture Human behavior is determined by both biological and environmental factors. Psychologists are interested in learning which of these factors is a greater influence on human behavior and identity. Although psychologists today generally agree that both nature and nurture play a role in conditioning behavior, there is still disagreement about the part that each of the factors have in determining behavior. The nature versus nurture debate focuses around the extentRead MoreSex Unknown1043 Words   |  5 Pagescompletely normal boy. But after a circumcision, he had his genitalia completely destroyed. His mother was desperate and didn’t know what to do until she met â€Å"John Money, who was a psychologist and sexologist well-known for his specialized research in sexual identity. Money was a professor of pediatrics and medical psychology at Johns Hopkins University, from 1951 until his death.† (Duffy, J. 1999) He was a psychologist not a surgeon. He convinced Bruce’s par ents to change him into a girl through surgeryRead MoreThe Nature of Development Essay2289 Words   |  10 Pageswork. They are shaped by parents, peers, and biology. From their mannerisms, to the way their chin points, nurture and nature affect every aspect of human life. There is a debate brewing in the psychological, sociological and scientific communities over which of these two have the higher influence. While most of the members of these communities acknowledge the fact that both nature and nurture affect development, some believe that only one solely determines certain aspects of life, such as genderRead MoreNature/Nurture Debate on Gender with Reference to David Reimer Case2228 Words   |  9 Pagesmale identical twin. His birth name was Bruce and his twin brother was named Brian. At the age of 8 months while undergoing a circumcision operation, Bruce’s penis was burned beyond surgical repair. Ten months after the operation, Bruce’s parents became associated with Dr. John Money, a world renowned sex researcher developing a reputation in the field of gender identity. Dr. Money argued it was possible for a person to change gender successfully through surgery, socialisation and hormone replacementRead MoreEssay about Lifespan Development and Eriksons Stages of Development1644 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment. The domains I will be exploring is in this essay is physical, emotional, cognitive, social, cultural and moral domain. The influence of biological and environmental play a significant role in my development. Development is influenced by nature or nurture and its affect will occur throughout lifespan. The changes that occur during development have stage. Each theorists has stages of development where they display the changes. This essay will explore my development that will support theorist such

Corporate Social Responsibility And Its Implication

Northeastern University Corporate Social Responsibility Final paper Topic: Corporate Social Responsibility and its implication in Africa Temitope Oguntoyinbo Introduction Human beings are living organisms whose health is dependent on how well internal body systems interact with the external system. A person is considered healthy when all the body systems are performing at an optimum rate and interacting appropriately. There is another aspect that influences the well-being of people significantly. The interaction between an individual also plays an important role in ensuring that internal systems are performing well. These two aspects of internal and external environments of a person are also real in the business world. The†¦show more content†¦Companies should not strive to achieve financial performance at the expense of the society and the environment. Organizations are expected to actively analyze the impact of their operations on the overall financial and social systems in which they operate. Businesses should know expectations of the society and then manage their behavior and actions to yield results that address those expectations. The implementation of corporate social responsibility plan by an organization is an honor to humanity and nature. CSR discourages organizations from engaging in activities that threaten the life of people affected by its operations. An example is waste management strategies a company puts in place to ensure an appropriate disposal of by-products. Waste materials can pose health dangers such as cancer, contamination of water and food which may result in illnesses or even death of community members. Additionally, natural resources such as forests and water are threatened by selfish strategies aimed at realizing financial performance without consideration of social responsibilities of the firm. CSR also encourages organizations to behave and act in a manner that promotes values of the community which they are embedded (International Conference on Economics and Management Engineering, 2014). Alexander P. (2015) argues that business ethics should not be sacrificed on the altar of profit maximization. It is the interest of shareholders to get more returns from theirShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility: Historical Perspective, Implications, Role, and Prospects and Governance in Bangladesh3395 Words   |  14 Pagesgoverning the passing of benefits and burdens of freehold covenants should be enunciated. Explain and illustrate. 1 .Introduction: The first question that needs to be answered is ‘what do we mean by corporate social responsibility or CSR?’ Corporate social responsibility can be defined as â€Å"the behavior that society commonly expects of businesses in matters of public concern.†[1] . One view of CSR suggests that the efforts of the firms should be intended exclusively for profit makingRead MoreExplain the ethical issues a business needs to consider in its operational activities689 Words   |  3 Pagesin its operational activities. P2 Explain the implications for the business and stakeholders of a business operating ethically. P3 Describe the social implications of business ethics facing a selected business in its different areas of activity P4 Examine the ethical concerns of the communities in which a selected business operated M1 Assess how a selected business could improve the ethics of their operations M2 Assess the social implications of business ethics facing a selected businessRead MoreOrganizations and Their Ethics and Social Responsiblity Essay733 Words   |  3 Pages Ethics and social responsibility are integral components in developing a strategic plan while considering stakeholder needs. As such, ethics and social responsibility should be deemed as an essential strategic concern within all organizations. Ethics and social responsibility has the capacity to make or break an organization; the success of an organization’s strategic plan is dependent upon it. This paper will explain the role of ethics and social responsibility in developing a strategic plan whileRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Is A Hard Edged Business Decision1073 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Corporate social responsibility is a hard-edged business decision. Not because it is a nice thing to do or because people are forcing us to do it... because it is good for our business† (Fitzerald, n.d.). In view of the aforementioned citation, it dispenses an intuitive frame of reference into the purpose of this case assignment. As this paper will be expounding upon both the short and long-term ramifications of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Moreover, this case assignment will reviewRead MoreEthics Reflection Paper818 Words   |  4 PagesReflection Paper Social responsibility and ethics are essential elements in establishing a strategic plan while contemplating the needs of stakeholders. Social responsibility and ethics should be conceived as fundamental strategic concerns within organizations. Social responsibility and ethics have the potentiality to help an organization succeed or fall. The achievement of an organization’s strategic plan relies on it. This paper will examine roles of social responsibility and ethics in establishingRead MoreCorporate Ethics And Social Responsibility1528 Words   |  7 Pages Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility Amanda Rabius PHL/320 10/9/17 Hank Reeves â€Æ' Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in the corporate world are very important. By understanding business ethics and socially responsibility, companies can develop and implement a socially responsible plan. Organizations are no doubt an assembly line of different networks that are both complex and dynamic in nature which face various conflicts. With this, a qualitativeRead MoreEssay on Business Ethics and dilemma632 Words   |  3 Pages 2. Prepare a 3- to 5-page paper titled,  Corporate Social Responsibility. 3. Reflect upon your text readings from Chapters 1 and 9 with a focus on the following core concepts: Organizational Social Responsibility (Chapters 1 and 9) The Ethical Decision-making Process (Chapter 1) Corporate Reputation (Chapter 9) The Corporate Social Responsibility Pyramid (Chapter 9) The Importance of Trust (Chapter 9) The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility (article by Carroll and Chapter 9) 4. Read  TheRead MoreBusiness Ethics Essay944 Words   |  4 Pagesvisit their website/conduct research into their activities to help with the tasks below. Task 1: PRIMARK – GROUP PRESENTATION †¢ Explain the ethical issues Primark needs to consider in its operational activities (P1) †¢ Explain the implications for both the business and stakeholders of the business operating ethically. (P2) †¢ Assess how the business could improve the ethics of their operations. (M1) SCENARIO: You are ethical investment consultants who advise clients on whatRead MoreThe Critical Implications Of Climate Change For Business1034 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are the critical implications of climate change for business? A business plays a heavy and critical role in the contribution to global climate change. Suzanne Goldberg (2013) reports that only 90 companies worldwide caused two-thirds of the man-made global warming emissions. Oil, coal and gas companies are the major players in the global climate change crisis of the 21st century (Goldberg 2013). Companies such as Chevron, Exxon and BP are three of the highest contributors of greenhouse gasRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Sarbanes Oxley Act1703 Words   |  7 Pagesmany corporate executive have committed various forms scandals in their organizations. Such fraudulent arts are unethical and immoral behavior. This led the US government to form legislation in order to control fraudulent activities; mostly performed by senior officers in the organization. In view of this, this paper will address the following: historical summary on SOX enactment, the key ethical components of SOX, social responsibility implications regarding mandatory publication of corpo rate ethics

Killer Angels Essay Thesis Example For Students

Killer Angels Essay Thesis The Battle of Gettysburg brought the dueling North and South together to thesmall town of Gettysburg and on the threshold of splitting the Union. Gettysburgwas as close as the United States got to Armageddon and The Killer Angels givesthe full day-to-day account of the battle that shaped Americas future. Michael Shaara tells the story of the Battle of Gettysburg through the eyes ofthe generals and men involved in the action of the battle. The historicalaccount of the Battle of Gettysburg gives the reader a chance to experience thebattle personally and not the history book manner taught in schools. Ahistorical novel gives the facts straightforward and provides no commentary bythe people involved in history. The historical account of the Battle ofGettysburg, as seen in Killer Angels, provides the facts of the battle as seenthrough the eyes of Generals Robert E. Lee, Joshua Chamberlain, James Longstreet,and John Buford. The feelings and inner-thoughts of each General and theconditions of the battle are seen, heard, and felt by the reader in thehistorical account. Shaara takes historical license with letters, the words ofthe men, and documents written during the three hellish days of the battle. Shaara avoids historical opinion and provides his own opinion towards the CivilWar and the people. The historical account of the Civil War, the Battle ofGettysburg specifically, in Killer Angels conveys the attitude to toward war,attitude towards the Civil War, and cause for fighting the war of General RobertE. Lee, Joshua Chamberlain, James Longstreet, and John Buford. General Robert E. Lee gained stoic and legendary status as the heart and soul of the South in theCivil War, but many did not know his reasons and feelings for fighting the war. War and the slaughter of others did not interest Lee and he felt compassion forthe Union. Lee had contradictory feelings towards war and says, He was notonly to serve in it but he was to lead it, to make the plans, and issue theorders to kill and burn and ruinhe could not do that (Shaara 263). TheCivil War is not in the taste of General Lee, but feels it is his duty, and hecannot just stand by and watch the war pass him by. Michael Shaara says ofLees reason for fighting the Civil War , He found that he had nochoiceLee could not raise his hand against his own. And so what then? Tostand by and do nothing? It had nothing to do with causes; it was no longer amatter of vows (Shaara 263). Shaara, through his commentary on General Lee,explains that Lee did not want to fight the war but had to. Lee felt it was hisduty to fight for his fellow countrymen, but not for a cause, land, or slavery. So it was no cause and no country he fought for, no ideal and no justice. Hefought for his people, for the children, and the kin, and not even the land,because the land was worth the war, but the people were, General Lee says (Shaara263). General Lee fights for himself and has no choice but to fight, knowing inthe end that he might be wrong with his cause and pay the price someday. GeneralLee is not a proponent of war, but he will serve his country with honor and dutyif necessary. A man of ideals and honor represent the character of Union ColonelJoshua Chamberlain. Being a man of education, Chamberlain knows the demeaningand repulsive nature of slavery and has come to fight to end it. Chamberlainhates the whole idea of the Civil War and the death and destruction that goesalong with it. I used my brother to plug a hole. Did it automatically as ifhe were expendable, says Chamberlain (Shaara 304). He hates the idea thatmen, including his brother, are dying out in the fight for slavery. The onlyreason he believes in the Civil War is that if he the North did not fightfreedom would be tarnished and a great travesty would occur. Chamberlain is nota man of war and blood and doesnt relish war and its qualities. The idea ofwar in general to Chamberlain was ludicrous, as he once wrote Man: The KillerAngel. Chamberlain believes all other wars have been unnecessary expect forthe Civil War because it is a different kind of war. He says, This is adifferent kind of army. If you look at history youll see men fight for pay,or women, or some kind of loot. They fight because a king makes them. Butwere here for something new. Were an army going to set other menfree (Shaara 30). Chamberlain is fighting the war because he believes everyman should have the right to freedom. Americans fight for mankind, forfreedom; for the people, not the land, says Chamberlain in regard to why heis fighting the war (Shaara 29). Chamberlain is fighting this war because thefact of slavery upon this inc redibly beautiful new clean land was appalling,and true freedom would eventually spread all over the world, but it startedhere Many of us came . . . because it was the right thing to do (Shaara29). James Longstreet was a General under-appreciated for the great talents andstrategies he possessed in regard to war. Longstreet was a glory man who lovedwar for its comradery and action it possessed. However, Longstreet doesntbelieve and hates the idea of fighting the Civil War. He is put up against themen he commanded and served with before the war, and Longstreet feelstraitorous. It came to him in the night sometimes with a sudden appallingshock that the boys he was fighting were boys he had grown up with, saysShaara on behalf of Longstreet. General Longstreet aside from his feelings isvery professional and is out to win the war, no matter at what cost. He needs nocause except victory as Longstreet says, He did not think much of theCause the Cause was Victory (Shaara 63). General Longstr eet does not knowwhy he is fighting the war except for the fact that he had to choose a side orget caught in the middle so he chose the South. You choose your nightmareside. Once chosen, you put your head down and went on to win, says Longstreeton behalf of his choice to fight. As General Longstreet says to General Lee,You have no Cause. You and I, we have no Cause (Shaara 63). Longstreet isa lost soul among men and fights because he has to not because he wants to. Hefeels a great remorse and shame in fighting the men that he used to lead. He hada great love for battle and the army, but the Civil War has tarnished that. Charles Dickens, Great Expectations EssayThe vivid details included in the book help to draw and etch the gory picturesof war into ones mind. The generals each relay their feelings about the deathand destruction of the war to the reader. The reader gets the feeling that theauthor is communicating only the negative aspects of the war and not too much ofthe glory. All the Generals, Colonels, and men involved cannot seem to stoptalking about the lives theyve seen lost and men wounded. General Lee and theother men explain that theyve has lost many great comrades and officers inthe battle. Shaara keeps sharp attention to all the blood and bullets flyingaround the whole time so the reader feels that war is hell in essence. Robert E. Lee is the heart and soul of the South and people depended on him to lead theSouth into victory. The South admired him for the pride he brought and the Northadmired him for his military prowess. One man goes as far as to say, Wellmaybe you are come from an ape, and maybe I am come from an ape, but GeneralLee, he didnt come from no ape (Shaara 131). Robert E. Lee is the saviorand leader for the people of the South, and they worshiped him. No man in theNorth or South doubted his military genius or ever went far enough to challengewhat he said. Fremantle explained that Lee was a mythical hero even in England,he was a gentlemans man. Well. They love him. They do not blame him. Theydo impossible things for him, says Fremantle (Shaara 162). Men would doanything make Lee proud. The Northern generals were afraid to go against him attimes and respected his power. However, General Longstreet through the course ofthe book begins to doubt the old mans power to make decisions. Longstreetkeeps to himself to not offend anybody, especially since General Lee was a lovedman by all. Longstreet feels that Lee is too powerful and sometimes makes thewrong decisions without somebody being able to tell him he is wrong. The menshield from blaming Lee. The Old Man is becoming untouchable, says Longstreet(Shaara 240). Longstreet feels that Lees mythical status is getting in theway of the war and might end up hurting him. The overall impression of Lee isthat he is a mythical and legendary person to most, but Longstreet quietly doesnot see him as the superhuman he is made to seem. The Civil War was the greatestbattle ever waged on American soil and once it was over the battlefield lay inruins. The men, the fortunate ones who survived, moved on to bigger andbetter battles. However, the battle scars, both emotional and physical, remainedforever. General John Buford is greatly weakened by his wounds from the battleand fights through the summer. In December 1863 Buford goes down with Typhoidfe ver and dies without receiving recognition for saving the high ground andperhaps the battle. Colonel Joshua Chamberlain is given a brigade after thebattle of Gettysburg but is wounded six times. He is regarded as one of thegreatest soldiers in American history, and receives numerous medals for honorduring the Battle of Gettysburg. Ulysses Grant gives him the honor of MajorGeneral for heroism and is chosen by Grant as the officer to receive theSouthern surrender at Appomattox. Chamberlain is elected the governor of Maineand eventually elected President of Bowdoin College. He dies from his wounds inJune 1914 at the age of eighty-three. General Longstreet asks to be relieved ofcommand after the Battle of Gettysburg, but Lee makes him stay. After the war heblames Lee for the loss of Gettysburg, and this does not sit well with people. His theory of defensive war is very advanced for the time. He serves asPresident of Washington College until his death in 1904. General Lee remains thesymbol of all that is proud and noble in the South. He asks to be relieved ofhis command but it is denied. After the war he asks for pardon from Congress andit is denied until 1970. Lee dies of heart disease in 1870.